Category: Prevention From Diseases

As you may or may not be aware, there are two main types of diabetes. Diabetes types 1 and 2 are different. Both diseases have a connection to sugar metabolism and should be treated as such. There are approximately five million diabetics in Spain (mostly type 2 diabetics), of whom only two are aware of their condition.

The number of children with diabetes has increased dramatically over the last three decades. Type 2 diabetes, which was once found only in the elderly or almost exclusively in them, is especially concerning in children and adolescents. This pattern is a reflection of the rise in the number of children who are obese. A small increase has been observed in the number of children with type 1 diabetes in recent years, although the reason for this change is still being investigated

We’ll go over the basics of these diseases and what you should know going into it.

What is diabetes, exactly?

In this chronic disease, the blood sugar level is abnormally high for a prolonged period of time. There are basically two kinds:

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is also known as type 1 diabetes. It usually happens in early adolescence or childhood (although not always).

There are increasing numbers of patients under the age of 40 who are being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, which is also known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes.

Types 2 and 3 diabetes are the most common, but there are others.

Diabetes during pregnancy

Pregnant women are at an increased risk of developing diabetes. After delivery, the disorder usually goes away on its own, but having had type 1 increases the risk of getting type 2 later on.

Type 1 diabetes is often made worse in pregnancy for women who have the disease.

Diabetic complications that develop later in life

The name for diabetes that develops as a side effect of another disease, such as pancreatic inflammation or the use of certain medications like diuretics or steroids, is called secondary diabetes (the most common cause).

Why Do Diabetics Get Type 2?

Because glucose is the chemical name for sugar, the terms blood glucose level (also known as glycemia) and blood sugar level are interchangeable. insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, is responsible for keeping glucose levels in check.

As a result of the following events, your blood glucose level increases:

Insulin is scarcely (if at all) produced by the pancreas. Type 1 diabetes results as a result of this situation.

There is insufficient insulin produced by the pancreas to meet the body’s requirements, resulting in type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes is more common in overweight and sedentary people, and it is thought to be linked to the increasingly sedentary Western lifestyle and diet.

During pregnancy, there are numerous hormonal changes that increase the body’s need for insulin, which results in gestational diabetes.

There are many similarities between secondary diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Damage to the pancreas (such as from excessive alcohol consumption) and drugs such as steroids or diuretics, which can affect the secretion of insulin by the pancreas, are two possible causes.

Diabetic signs and symptoms include:

Glucose is a critical “fuel” for the body. Blood sugar levels rise and glucose is excreted in the urine if the body fails to produce enough insulin.

If you experience any of the following symptoms on a regular basis, make an appointment with your primary care physician and request a diabetes screening:

Loss of weight, despite an increase in hunger (especially in type 1 diabetes)

An itching sensation, particularly in the genital region

Boils or infections of the urinary tract that recur frequently on the skin.

These symptoms usually appear within a few days or weeks in people with type 1 diabetes. Type 2 symptoms may take months or even years to appear. Type 2 diabetes is frequently discovered through routine testing.

About 10% of people with type 1 diabetes have a family history of the disease, whereas 30% of people with type 2 diabetes have relatives who also have the disease.

Treatment and management of diabetes Diabetic patients frequently experience the following symptoms:

Diabetes runs in my family.

Obesity

Diabetic hypertension

pre-existing vascular conditions, such as coronary artery disease and stroke

Fat in the blood called triglycerides causes erectile dysfunction (impotence).

A blood test is used to determine the glucose level.

A haphazard blood glucose level check

Two times at random, the level is assessed. Having a result of 11.1mmol/l (millimoles per litre) or, to put it another way, 200 mg/dl (milligrammes per deciliter) indicates a type 2 diabetes diagnosis.

Blood glucose levels after fasting for eight hours

On two separate days, the level is checked first thing in the morning. A blood sugar level greater than 7.0mmol/l, or 125mg/dl, indicates diabetes.

Diabetes management on a regular basis

Regular checkups usually include the following:

Draw blood to check the level of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in the body.

An analysis of the diet that was consumed

Check the pressure in the blood vessels.

Doing a quick weight check

Additional examinations (if the doctor deems it appropriate)

Control of diabetes on a yearly basis

The doctor will typically order a blood test at your yearly checkup that includes:

Hemoglobin that has been glycated (HbA1c). The ideal level varies from person to person, depending on factors such as age and any underlying medical conditions.

level of triglyceride

Sodium, potassium, and other salts are measured to determine whether or not the kidneys are working properly.

Flu and catarrhal processes, as well as respiratory problems, are common in paediatric consultations during the winter because of the cold temperatures and the young patients’ still immature immune systems. Even though we can’t stop them from getting sick, especially if they’re around other kids, we can teach them good habits to help reduce their risk of getting sick during the cold and flu season. The topic of today’s article is how to keep young children healthy while avoiding common illnesses.

The most prevalent diseases in children under the age of 18

The first few years of a baby’s life are critical for developing a healthy microbiota and immune system. The functioning of children differs from that of adults, despite the fact that they are not necessarily weak due to their immaturity. Because they have a better ability to respond when faced with certain diseases, they don’t get them. Or the intensity will be reduced if you do.

Because they are still immature and developing immunity, they are susceptible to a variety of diseases.

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Colds, flu, and everything in between

Viruses and bacteria are all around us, and we are developing resistance to them as we grow older. A healthy immune system can deal with these germs without putting the person at risk of becoming ill.

Boys and girls, on the other hand, do not have this problem. As a result, they are more susceptible to catching the same cold over and over again. Due to the fact that they create or spread them amongst each other during school.

Tonsillitis and pharyngitis

Tonsillitis and pharyngitis are both inflammations of the pharynx. Their cause is a streptococcal bacterial infection. Antibiotics are used to treat them, but if a carrier is nearby, infections may recur.

Problems with the respiratory system

In the winter, respiratory illnesses are common in both boys and girls. Low temperatures don’t cause these diseases, but they make them more noticeable. When we have a cold, our nose’s cilia, or small hairs, become immobile, making them less effective as a barrier against microorganisms. Children’s immune systems are still developing, so their defences are weaker.

However, we must remember that if these winter diseases are not treated properly, they can develop into chronic diseases or have serious effects on children’s health.

Preventing common illnesses with these simple tips

We can follow these guidelines to keep our children healthy this winter and avoid the most common illnesses:

The house should be properly ventilated and heated.

The most important piece of advice for keeping children healthy is to keep the house ventilated and at the proper temperature. Due to the shorter days and frigid temperatures, we tend to spend more time indoors during the winter months.

For best results, open the windows for at least 10 minutes each day.

Maintain a comfortable temperature in the house without turning up the heat excessively. If you’re going to be outside in the cold, you need to train your body’s temperature-regulating mechanisms.

Because heating dries out the air and can exacerbate certain infections, use humidifiers.

Frequently wash your hands

One of the most effective ways to keep germs out of the home is to wash hands often. This is especially true before you have eaten anything or have been in contact with other children, as well as when you get home.

coughing and sneezing in one arm

Similarly to what we should do as adults, teaching children to sneeze and cough while covering their mouth and nose is a great way to prevent the spread of viruses and bacteria through their hands. Blowing one’s nose with a handkerchief is also acceptable.

Shelter, in a reasonable manner

Even in the winter, it is not uncommon to see children who are overly cold. Aim for a reasonable amount of shelter: a lot when going outside (especially covering the nose and mouth), and a lot less in places that are warmed up by heat sources. While it’s best to stay out of situations where temperatures fluctuate rapidly (like driving or taking public transportation), it’s also important to be prepared for those that do. As a result, another way to prevent common diseases in children is to regulate the type of coat we wear.

Stay away from other patients and avoid crowded, enclosed spaces.

As previously stated, children have a weakened immune system, making them more susceptible to viruses and bacteria that can accumulate in confined spaces. We must also avoid contact with other patients for the same reason.

Do not use tobacco products.

Toxins in tobacco smoke weaken children’s immune systems, increasing their risk of respiratory problems.

Proper nutrition is essential for good health.

The vitamin A and C content of foods like fruits and vegetables must be increased during the winter months to keep children’s immune systems strong.